القيامة
Surah Al-Qiyamah
The Resurrection · Surah 75 · Meccan · 40 verses
1لَآ أُقۡسِمُ بِيَوۡمِ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ ١Nay, I swear by the Day of Resurrection.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, the “la” here does not negate the oath; like “No, by Allah”, it is an oath after a negation. The majority say it is added only for emphasis.2وَلَآ أُقۡسِمُ بِٱلنَّفۡسِ ٱللَّوَّامَةِ ٢Nay, I swear by the accusing soul (that this Scripture is true).InsightElmalılı explains “an-nafs al-lawwamah” as either a soul that blames others much, or one that understands the evil of its sins and blames itself in regret.3أَيَحۡسَبُ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ أَلَّن نَّجۡمَعَ عِظَامَهُۥ ٣Thinketh man that We shall not assemble his bones.InsightElmalılı relates that the verse was revealed about the Prophet’s neighbour ‘Adiyy ibn Abi Rabi‘ah, who asked: “Will Allah gather these rotten bones?”4بَلَىٰ قَٰدِرِينَ عَلَىٰٓ أَن نُّسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُۥ ٤Yea, verily. We are Able to restore his very fingers.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, “bala” here rejects a negative question and affirms the positive: “No, We will gather them, even to the fingertips.”5بَلۡ يُرِيدُ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ لِيَفۡجُرَ أَمَامَهُۥ ٥But man would fain deny what is before him.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, the sinful person wants never to part from his desires and pleasures and to go on with them; this is the real reason he denies the resurrection.6يَسۡـَٔلُ أَيَّانَ يَوۡمُ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ ٦He asketh: When will be this Day of Resurrection.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, he asks this, but when the Hour begins his eyes open, he sees the world collapsing on him and regrets his deeds; but the time for reproach has passed.7فَإِذَا بَرِقَ ٱلۡبَصَرُ ٧But when sight is confounded.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, “bariq al-basar” is the eyes dazzled in bewilderment by the pain of a sudden calamity, like the terror of lightning striking overhead.8وَخَسَفَ ٱلۡقَمَرُ ٨And the moon is eclipsed.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, this could mean an ordinary lunar eclipse, but that would be too slight; it is rather a manifestation particular to that day, the moon’s light vanishing entirely.9وَجُمِعَ ٱلشَّمۡسُ وَٱلۡقَمَرُ ٩And sun and moon are united.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, the sun and moon will be shaken from their places and brought together.10يَقُولُ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ يَوۡمَئِذٍ أَيۡنَ ٱلۡمَفَرُّ ١٠On that day man will cry: Whither to flee.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, the sinner looks for a place to flee the terror and says this out of despair and bewilderment; it is a question expressing hopelessness.11كَلَّا لَا وَزَرَ ١١Alas! No refuge.InsightElmalılı explains “wazar” as originally a steep, solid mountain; since such mountains were fugitives’ refuges, it came to mean any shelter.12إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ يَوۡمَئِذٍ ٱلۡمُسۡتَقَرُّ ١٢Unto thy Lord is the recourse that day.13يُنَبَّؤُاْ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ يَوۡمَئِذِۭ بِمَا قَدَّمَ وَأَخَّرَ ١٣On that day man is told the tale of that which he hath sent before and left behind.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, these are the deeds he did earlier and later, or what he did and what he left undone.14بَلِ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ عَلَىٰ نَفۡسِهِۦ بَصِيرَةࣱ ١٤Oh, but man is a telling witness against himself.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, this verse is very notable: man is not a mere body unaware of its actions, but an insight conscious of itself, feeling itself in its own conscience.15وَلَوۡ أَلۡقَىٰ مَعَاذِيرَهُۥ ١٥Although he tender his excuses.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, at the reckoning man lists all kinds of excuses to justify himself to others; but he himself knows what he did and whether his excuses are true.16لَا تُحَرِّكۡ بِهِۦ لِسَانَكَ لِتَعۡجَلَ بِهِۦٓ ١٦Stir not thy tongue herewith to hasten it.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, what the pronoun refers to is not obvious; but by the general view the Prophet is told not to hurry while revelation came, for fear of forgetting.17إِنَّ عَلَيۡنَا جَمۡعَهُۥ وَقُرۡءَانَهُۥ ١٧Lo! upon Us (resteth) the putting together thereof and the reading thereof.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, gathering the Qur’an completely, fixing it and having it recited is a task Allah has undertaken; He who sent it down will have it recited.18فَإِذَا قَرَأۡنَٰهُ فَٱتَّبِعۡ قُرۡءَانَهُۥ ١٨And when We read it, follow thou the reading.19ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلَيۡنَا بَيَانَهُۥ ١٩Then lo! upon Us (resteth) the explanation thereof.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, explaining the meaning when needed also belongs to Allah. In the science of usul, explanation has five kinds: confirmation, interpretation, modification, substitution and explanation by necessity.20كَلَّا بَلۡ تُحِبُّونَ ٱلۡعَاجِلَةَ ٢٠Nay, but ye do love the fleeting Now.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, after addressing the Prophet, this addresses everyone; “al-‘ajilah”, the immediate, is this world, set against the Hereafter.21وَتَذَرُونَ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةَ ٢١And neglect the Hereafter.22وُجُوهࣱ يَوۡمَئِذࣲ نَّاضِرَةٌ ٢٢That day will faces be resplendent.23إِلَىٰ رَبِّهَا نَاظِرَةࣱ ٢٣Looking toward their Lord.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, Ahl as-Sunnah understood this looking as seeing, proving that believers will see Allah in the Hereafter; the Mu‘tazilah interpreted it as waiting.24وَوُجُوهࣱ يَوۡمَئِذِۭ بَاسِرَةࣱ ٢٤And that day will other faces be despondent.25تَظُنُّ أَن يُفۡعَلَ بِهَا فَاقِرَةࣱ ٢٥Thou wilt know that some great disaster is about to fall on them.InsightElmalılı explains “faqirah” as a fierce calamity that strikes and breaks the vertebrae; “thinking” here means knowing with certainty.26كَلَّآ إِذَا بَلَغَتِ ٱلتَّرَاقِيَ ٢٦Nay, but when the life cometh up to the throat.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, this warns against loving the immediate and abandoning the Hereafter, and depicts death: the soul reaches the collarbones running from the neck to the arms.27وَقِيلَ مَنۡۜ رَاقࣲ ٢٧And men say: Where is the wizard (who can save him now).InsightElmalılı explains “raq” as one turned to as a last resort in helplessness, who recites, breathes over or treats: the physical or spiritual healer called at the moment of death.28وَظَنَّ أَنَّهُ ٱلۡفِرَاقُ ٢٨And he knoweth that it is the parting.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, the dying one then knows what has come is total parting: from loved ones, from the beloved world, from blessings, and of his limbs from one another.29وَٱلۡتَفَّتِ ٱلسَّاقُ بِٱلسَّاقِ ٢٩And agony is heaped on agony.30إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ يَوۡمَئِذٍ ٱلۡمَسَاقُ ٣٠Unto thy Lord that day will be the driving.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, that day one is seized and driven to none but his Lord, brought into His presence to be reckoned and recompensed.31فَلَا صَدَّقَ وَلَا صَلَّىٰ ٣١For he neither trusted, nor prayed.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, most commentators explain this as affirming faith; some interpret it as “he did not give charity”, which adds a further meaning.32وَلَٰكِن كَذَّبَ وَتَوَلَّىٰ ٣٢But he denied and flouted.33ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ إِلَىٰٓ أَهۡلِهِۦ يَتَمَطَّىٰٓ ٣٣Then went he to his folk with glee.34أَوۡلَىٰ لَكَ فَأَوۡلَىٰ ٣٤Nearer unto thee and nearer.35ثُمَّ أَوۡلَىٰ لَكَ فَأَوۡلَىٰٓ ٣٥Again nearer unto thee and nearer (is the doom).InsightAccording to Elmalılı, the Arabic “awla laka” is used like the Turkish “this calamity served you right”, as a curse or in satisfaction at one’s due.36أَيَحۡسَبُ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ أَن يُتۡرَكَ سُدًى ٣٦Thinketh man that he is to be left aimless.37أَلَمۡ يَكُ نُطۡفَةࣰ مِّن مَّنِيࣲّ يُمۡنَىٰ ٣٧Was he not a drop of fluid which gushed forth.InsightElmalılı relates the hadith of Abu Hurayrah: when this surah is recited, it is sunnah to say “Bala” at its end.38ثُمَّ كَانَ عَلَقَةࣰ فَخَلَقَ فَسَوَّىٰ ٣٨Then he became a clot; then (Allah) shaped and fashioned.39فَجَعَلَ مِنۡهُ ٱلزَّوۡجَيۡنِ ٱلذَّكَرَ وَٱلۡأُنثَىٰٓ ٣٩And made of him a pair, the male and female.40أَلَيۡسَ ذَٰلِكَ بِقَٰدِرٍ عَلَىٰٓ أَن يُحۡـِۧيَ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰ ٤٠Is not He (Who doeth so) Able to bring the dead to life.