الطور
Surah At-Tur
The Mount · Surah 52 · Meccan · 49 verses
1وَٱلطُّورِ ١By the Mount.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, this is Mount Sinai, where Moses heard Allah’s speech; according to al-Baydawi, “tur” means mountain in Syriac.2وَكِتَٰبࣲ مَّسۡطُورࣲ ٢And a Scripture inscribed.InsightElmalılı explains “raqq” as fine leather made into writing material; it is also used for anything written on.3فِي رَقࣲّ مَّنشُورࣲ ٣On fine parchment unrolled.4وَٱلۡبَيۡتِ ٱلۡمَعۡمُورِ ٤And the House frequented.InsightElmalılı relates that, by one report, it is a house in the seventh heaven visited every day by seventy thousand angels who never return until the Resurrection.5وَٱلسَّقۡفِ ٱلۡمَرۡفُوعِ ٥And the roof exalted.6وَٱلۡبَحۡرِ ٱلۡمَسۡجُورِ ٦And the sea kept filled.InsightElmalılı explains “masjur” as set ablaze, heated: as the Hour comes, the seas will become fire and boil.7إِنَّ عَذَابَ رَبِّكَ لَوَٰقِعࣱ ٧Lo! the doom of thy Lord will surely come to pass.8مَّا لَهُۥ مِن دَافِعࣲ ٨There is none that can ward it off.9يَوۡمَ تَمُورُ ٱلسَّمَآءُ مَوۡرࣰا ٩On the day when the heaven will heave with (awful) heaving.10وَتَسِيرُ ٱلۡجِبَالُ سَيۡرࣰا ١٠And the mountains move away with (awful) movement.11فَوَيۡلࣱ يَوۡمَئِذࣲ لِّلۡمُكَذِّبِينَ ١١Then woe that day unto the deniers.12ٱلَّذِينَ هُمۡ فِي خَوۡضࣲ يَلۡعَبُونَ ١٢Who play in talk of grave matters.13يَوۡمَ يُدَعُّونَ إِلَىٰ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ دَعًّا ١٣The day when they are thrust with a (disdainful) thrust, into the fire of hell.14هَٰذِهِ ٱلنَّارُ ٱلَّتِي كُنتُم بِهَا تُكَذِّبُونَ ١٤(And it is said unto them): This is the Fire which ye were wont to deny.15أَفَسِحۡرٌ هَٰذَآ أَمۡ أَنتُمۡ لَا تُبۡصِرُونَ ١٥Is this magic, or do ye not see.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, you called the revelation that told of this fire magic and deception; is its actual coming to pass also magic?16ٱصۡلَوۡهَا فَٱصۡبِرُوٓاْ أَوۡ لَا تَصۡبِرُواْ سَوَآءٌ عَلَيۡكُمۡۖ إِنَّمَا تُجۡزَوۡنَ مَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ ١٦Endure the heat thereof, and whether ye are patient of it or impatient of it is all one for you. Ye are only being paid for what ye used to do.17إِنَّ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ فِي جَنَّـٰتࣲ وَنَعِيمࣲ ١٧Lo! those who kept their duty dwell in gardens and delight.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, as is always the Qur’an’s way, the state of the mindful believers is described alongside that of the disbelievers.18فَٰكِهِينَ بِمَآ ءَاتَىٰهُمۡ رَبُّهُمۡ وَوَقَىٰهُمۡ رَبُّهُمۡ عَذَابَ ٱلۡجَحِيمِ ١٨Happy because of what their Lord hath given them, and (because) their Lord hath warded off from them the torment of hell-fire.19كُلُواْ وَٱشۡرَبُواْ هَنِيٓـَٔۢا بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ ١٩(And it is said unto them): Eat and drink in health (as a reward) for what ye used to do.20مُتَّكِـِٔينَ عَلَىٰ سُرُرࣲ مَّصۡفُوفَةࣲۖ وَزَوَّجۡنَٰهُم بِحُورٍ عِينࣲ ٢٠Reclining on ranged couches. And we wed them unto fair ones with wide, lovely eyes.21وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَٱتَّبَعَتۡهُمۡ ذُرِّيَّتُهُم بِإِيمَٰنٍ أَلۡحَقۡنَا بِهِمۡ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمۡ وَمَآ أَلَتۡنَٰهُم مِّنۡ عَمَلِهِم مِّن شَيۡءࣲۚ كُلُّ ٱمۡرِيِٕۭ بِمَا كَسَبَ رَهِينࣱ ٢١And they who believe and whose seed follow them in faith, We cause their seed to join them (there), and We deprive them of nought of their (life’s) work. Every man is a pledge for that which he hath earned.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, this describes the companionship of believers with believers: children who followed in faith are joined to their parents in rank.22وَأَمۡدَدۡنَٰهُم بِفَٰكِهَةࣲ وَلَحۡمࣲ مِّمَّا يَشۡتَهُونَ ٢٢And We provide them with fruit and meat such as they desire.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, these are things given beyond the essential blessings, purely for enjoyment and delight.23يَتَنَٰزَعُونَ فِيهَا كَأۡسࣰا لَّا لَغۡوࣱ فِيهَا وَلَا تَأۡثِيمࣱ ٢٣There they pass from hand to hand a cup wherein is neither vanity nor cause of sin.InsightElmalılı explains “ka’s” as a full cup; exchanging cups means joyfully offering them to one another.24۞وَيَطُوفُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ غِلۡمَانࣱ لَّهُمۡ كَأَنَّهُمۡ لُؤۡلُؤࣱ مَّكۡنُونࣱ ٢٤And there go round, waiting on them menservants of their own, as they were hidden pearls.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, they move gleaming around them, cups and jugs in hand, ready to serve and obey.25وَأَقۡبَلَ بَعۡضُهُمۡ عَلَىٰ بَعۡضࣲ يَتَسَآءَلُونَ ٢٥And some of them draw near unto others, questioning.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, amid that joy they turn face to face, ask about each other’s states and deeds, and talk heart to heart.26قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّا كُنَّا قَبۡلُ فِيٓ أَهۡلِنَا مُشۡفِقِينَ ٢٦Saying: Lo! of old, when we were with our families, we were ever anxious.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, this means: “At home and among our families our hearts would tremble.”27فَمَنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡنَا وَوَقَىٰنَا عَذَابَ ٱلسَّمُومِ ٢٧But Allah hath been gracious unto us and hath preserved us from the torment of the breath of Fire.InsightElmalılı explains “samum” as scorching heat that penetrates the pores: Allah by His grace and help protected them from it.28إِنَّا كُنَّا مِن قَبۡلُ نَدۡعُوهُۖ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلۡبَرُّ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ٢٨Lo! we used to pray unto Him of old. Lo! He is the Benign, the Merciful.InsightElmalılı explains “al-Barr” as the One true to His promise, doing good, generous.29فَذَكِّرۡ فَمَآ أَنتَ بِنِعۡمَتِ رَبِّكَ بِكَاهِنࣲ وَلَا مَجۡنُونٍ ٢٩Therefor warn (men, O Muhammad). By the grace of Allah thou art neither soothsayer nor madman.InsightElmalılı explains “kahin” as one who tells of the unseen by a kind of guesswork; the Prophet is neither that nor mad.30أَمۡ يَقُولُونَ شَاعِرࣱ نَّتَرَبَّصُ بِهِۦ رَيۡبَ ٱلۡمَنُونِ ٣٠Or say they: (he is) a poet, (one) for whom we may expect the accident of time.InsightElmalılı explains “manun” as time and death that cut lives short; they were waiting for the Prophet to die.31قُلۡ تَرَبَّصُواْ فَإِنِّي مَعَكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡمُتَرَبِّصِينَ ٣١Say (unto them): Except (your fill)! Lo! I am with you among the expectant.32أَمۡ تَأۡمُرُهُمۡ أَحۡلَٰمُهُم بِهَٰذَآۚ أَمۡ هُمۡ قَوۡمࣱ طَاغُونَ ٣٢Do their minds command them to do this, or are they an outrageous folk.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, a soothsayer is sharp-minded while a madman’s mind is deranged; saying both shows the contradiction in their words.33أَمۡ يَقُولُونَ تَقَوَّلَهُۥۚ بَل لَّا يُؤۡمِنُونَ ٣٣Or say they: He hath invented it? Nay, but they will not believe.InsightElmalılı explains “taqawwul” as trying to say what one does not have; falsehood is its consequence.34فَلۡيَأۡتُواْ بِحَدِيثࣲ مِّثۡلِهِۦٓ إِن كَانُواْ صَٰدِقِينَ ٣٤Then let them produce speech the like thereof, if they are truthful.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, this challenges them to compose a speech with the Qur’an’s distinguished qualities in both meaning and style.35أَمۡ خُلِقُواْ مِنۡ غَيۡرِ شَيۡءٍ أَمۡ هُمُ ٱلۡخَٰلِقُونَ ٣٥Or were they created out of naught? Or are they the creators.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, it is clear that they did not exist before and were created later; if they have minds, do they not reflect on this?36أَمۡ خَلَقُواْ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَۚ بَل لَّا يُوقِنُونَ ٣٦Or did they create the heavens and the earth? Nay, but they are sure of nothing.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, they say Allah created the heavens and earth, yet still wander in doubt.37أَمۡ عِندَهُمۡ خَزَآئِنُ رَبِّكَ أَمۡ هُمُ ٱلۡمُصَۜيۡطِرُونَ ٣٧Or do they own the treasures of thy Lord? Or have they been given charge (thereof).InsightAccording to Elmalılı, this means: “Are the treasuries of mercy of your Lord, who gave you the mission, with them, so they decide to whom it is given?”38أَمۡ لَهُمۡ سُلَّمࣱ يَسۡتَمِعُونَ فِيهِۖ فَلۡيَأۡتِ مُسۡتَمِعُهُم بِسُلۡطَٰنࣲ مُّبِينٍ ٣٨Or have they any stairway (unto heaven) by means of which they overhear (decrees). Then let their listener produce some warrant manifest.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, this means: “Do they have a stairway on which they hear Allah’s commands and revelation to the exalted angels?”39أَمۡ لَهُ ٱلۡبَنَٰتُ وَلَكُمُ ٱلۡبَنُونَ ٣٩Or hath He daughters whereas ye have sons.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, this shows the corruption of their minds and what their sense of the divine amounts to.40أَمۡ تَسۡـَٔلُهُمۡ أَجۡرࣰا فَهُم مِّن مَّغۡرَمࣲ مُّثۡقَلُونَ ٤٠Or askest thou (Muhammad) a fee from them so that they are plunged in debt.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, the Prophet asked no payment for his advice and mission.41أَمۡ عِندَهُمُ ٱلۡغَيۡبُ فَهُمۡ يَكۡتُبُونَ ٤١Or possess they the Unseen so that they can write (it) down.42أَمۡ يُرِيدُونَ كَيۡدࣰاۖ فَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ هُمُ ٱلۡمَكِيدُونَ ٤٢Or seek they to ensnare (the messenger)? But those who disbelieve, they are the ensnared.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, this points to those who wanted to plot an assassination against the Prophet and the believers in Dar an-Nadwah.43أَمۡ لَهُمۡ إِلَٰهٌ غَيۡرُ ٱللَّهِۚ سُبۡحَٰنَ ٱللَّهِ عَمَّا يُشۡرِكُونَ ٤٣Or have they any god beside Allah? Glorified be Allah from all that they ascribe as partner (unto Him).InsightAccording to Elmalılı, this means: “Do they think the idols they worship will save them from Allah’s punishment?”44وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ كِسۡفࣰا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ سَاقِطࣰا يَقُولُواْ سَحَابࣱ مَّرۡكُومࣱ ٤٤And if they were to see a fragment of the heaven falling, they would say: A heap of clouds.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, they are such deniers that even seeing the punishment they asked for descending on them, they would still deny.45فَذَرۡهُمۡ حَتَّىٰ يُلَٰقُواْ يَوۡمَهُمُ ٱلَّذِي فِيهِ يُصۡعَقُونَ ٤٥Then let them be (O Muhammad), till they meet their day, in which they will be thunder-stricken.46يَوۡمَ لَا يُغۡنِي عَنۡهُمۡ كَيۡدُهُمۡ شَيۡـࣰٔا وَلَا هُمۡ يُنصَرُونَ ٤٦A day in which their guile will naught avail them, nor will they be helped.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, on that day all the schemes of those who plotted against the Prophet will not help them in the least.47وَإِنَّ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ عَذَابࣰا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٤٧And verily, for those who do wrong, there is a punishment beyond that. But most of them know not.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, there are two possibilities; one is that there is also a punishment before that day, in this world.48وَٱصۡبِرۡ لِحُكۡمِ رَبِّكَ فَإِنَّكَ بِأَعۡيُنِنَاۖ وَسَبِّحۡ بِحَمۡدِ رَبِّكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ ٤٨So wait patiently (O Muhammad) for thy Lord’s decree, for surely thou art in Our sight; and hymn the praise of thy Lord when thou uprisest.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, be patient and do not fret over the decree of your Lord, who leaves them until their day and charges you with bearing hardships.49وَمِنَ ٱلَّيۡلِ فَسَبِّحۡهُ وَإِدۡبَٰرَ ٱلنُّجُومِ ٤٩And in the night-time also hymn His praise, and at the setting of the stars.InsightAccording to Elmalılı, this is worshipping in parts of the night and glorifying at its end, towards dawn, as the stars near setting.